تدوین برنامه و مقایسهی اثر بخشی سه شیوهی آموزش مستقیم، آگاهی واجشناختی و ترکیبی بر درک مطلب خواندن دانشآموزان دبستانی دارای اختلال خواندن

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار روانشناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور کنگاور

2 دانشیار روانشناسی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی

3 دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، عضو باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اردبیل، ایران

jld-3-1-92-7-4

چکیده

هدف پژوهش حاضر تدوین برنامه و مقایسهی اثر بخشی سه شیوهی آموز ش مستقیم، آگاهی واج شناختی و
آموزش ترکیبی بر درک مطلب خواندن دانشآموزان دبستانی دارای اختلال خواندن است . جامعه ی آماری این
پژوهش شامل دانشآموزان دختر و پسر پایهی سوم، چهارم و پنجم دبستان شهرستان کرمانشاه است که دارای
اختلال یادگیری خواندن هستند که از مدارس به مراکز توانبخشی اختلالهای یادگیری ارجاع داده شده اند و در
1390 مشغول به تحصیل بودهاند. بیست نفر به عنوان نمونهی آماری از بین جامعه ی آماری ، به - سال تحصیلی 91
تصادف انتخاب شدند سپس این دانشآموزان به طور نمونهگیری تصادفی ساده در چهار گروه پنج نفری جایگزین
و آزمون پیشرفت تحصیلی (WISC-R) شدند. از ابزارهای اندازهگیری شامل آزمون هوش وکسلر مقیاس کودکان
خواندن و درک مطلب شفیعی و همکاران استفاده شده است. سه گروه آزمایشی هر کدام به مدت 20 جلسه، در هر
هفته دو جلسه 40 دقیقهای آموزش خاص خود را دریافت نمودند و گروه کنترل غیر از آموزش مرسوم مدرسه ای
آموزش خاص دیگری دریافت نکرد. از هر چهار گروه پیشآزمون و پسآزمون به عمل آمد. تحلیل واریانس یک
طرفه نتایج نشان داد که آموزش آگاهی واجشناسی مؤثر بوده است، اما آموزش مستقیم و آموزش ترکیبی در بهبود
درک مطلب خواندن دانشآموزان دبستانی دارای اختلالهای یادگیری خواندن مؤثر نبودهاند. بر این اساس نتیجه
گیری می شود که آموزش آگاهی واجشناسی نسبت به دو شیوه دیگر در پیشرفت درک مطلب خواندن
دانشآموزان دبستانی اثربخش و سودمندتر بوده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

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نویسندگان [English]

  • B Karimi 1
  • H Alizadeh 2
  • E Soleymani 3
چکیده [English]

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شفیعی، بیژن؛ توکل، سمیرا؛ علینیا، لیلا؛ مراثی، محمدرضا؛ صداقتی، لیلا و فروغی، رقیه ( 1387 ). طراحی
و ساخت آزمون غربالگری تشخیص اختلال در خواندن در پایههای اول تا پنجم دانشآموزان مقطع
..53-60 ،(2) ابتدایی در شهر اصفهان. مجلهی علوم پزشکی دانشگاه تهران، 17
در ایران. مجلهی پژوهشهای (WISC-R) شهیم، سیما ( 1371 ). کاربرد مقیاس هوش وکسلر کودکان
.78-92 ،( 3 و 4 ) روانشناسی، 1
صداقتی، لیلا؛ فروغی، رقیه؛ شفیعی، بیژن و مرآتی، محمدرضا ( 1389 ). بررسی میزان شیوع نارسا خوانی
.44-61 ،(1) در دانشآموزان طبیعی پایهی اول تا پنجم دبستانهای اصفهان. شنواییشناسی، 19
کریمی، بهروز؛ علیزاده، حمید؛ فرخی، نورعلی و سعدیپور، اسماعیل ( 1390 ). مقایسه اثربخشی سه شیوه
آموزش مستقیم، آگاهی واجشناختی و ترکیبی بر کاهش مشکلات املانویسی دانش آموزان دبستانی .
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